Eurozone Imbalances: Expenditure Switching and Expenditure Volumes

WORKING PAPER

DOWNLOAD PDF

(481 KB)


This paper introduces a decomposition of the trade ratio.


The dynamics of the trade ratio are composed of contributions from expenditure switching, from the terms of trade, and from relative expenditure (i.e. the ratio of foreign to domestic expenditure). Country-specific, dynamically tradeweighted indicators of foreign expenditure are constructed for use in the application of the decomposition to 11 euro area countries in 1990-2013.

Previous
Previous

Are U.S. Workers Ready for Retirement?

Next
Next

Larger Shares of Older Workers are Working in Low-Wage Industries