WORKING PAPER | This paper assesses the effects of dominant currency shocks (strong US dollar) on emerging markets by studying exchange market pressure (EMP) or foreign exchange (FX) liquidity, GDP growth, external debt, and inflation.

WORKING PAPER | The paper posits the existence of a minimum mark-up loan interest rate threshold, which is identified using a long-term bank demand curve for excess reserves.

POLICY NOTE | This paper relates Okun's theory about economic growth and unemployment to the recent discussion on jobless recovery.